1. От транзистора до микросхемы


2. Логическая сторона цифровой схемотехники


3. Физическая сторона цифровой схемотехники

The essence of MIPS Open

1. Selling so-called core licenses for MIPS cores developed inside MIPS. Those cores were used by companies like Broadcom, Microchip, Infineon, Atheros (now a part of Qualcomm), MobilEye (now a part of Intel), Baikal Electronics in Russia etc. License for low-end cores like MIPS 4KEc, interAptiv UP, M5150, were ~$200K, license for high-end cores like MIPS 1074K, proAptiv, P5600 were over $1M. Deals with some companies were negotiated not as fixed license deals but based on royalty. A notable example of royalty-based deal is Microchip Technology, a microcontroller company with high volumes of MIPS M4K/microAptiv UP/M5100/M5150 - based 32-bit microcontrollers Microchip PIC32MX/MZ/MM.





2. Selling so-called architecture licenses, a right to use MIPS architecture (the instruction set) to develop customer's own core with their own microarchitecture (the organization of CPU pipeline and arithmetic units). Architecture licensees included Cavium with 64-bit networking MIPS cores of heir own design (now a part of Marvell), Broadcom (they had 64-bit MIPS cores of their design, and they also use some 32-bit
   cores licensed from MIPS Technologies), China's Loongson project (64-bit laptops with MIPS and Linux), etc. Architecture license was more expensive than core licenses because cores created under architecture licenses effectively competed against cores created under core licenses. Architecture license was usually several million dollars sometimes more than $10M

• первый тип – кластер из классических процессоров общего назначения;


• второй – процессор потоков данных (dataflow processor) на основании архитектуры крупнозернистого реконфигурируемого массива CGRA (Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Array);


• третий тип – матричный умножитель на основе систолического массива из умножителей-сумматоров (multiply-add). Эти устройства представляют собой три разных способа организации вычислений с разным балансом гибкости и производительности.

1. Triton AI Platform


2. Current MIPS core offering


3. MIPS Open

В 1980-е Си быстро набирал популярность и компиляторы стали доступны практически на каждой машине и операционной системе; в частности, он стал популярным как язык программирования для персональных компьютеров, причем одновременно как для разработчиков коммерческого программного обеспечения для этих машин, так и для рядовых пользователей, увлекающихся программированием. В начале десятилетия практически каждый компилятор был основан на pcc Джонсона; к 1985 было уже много компиляторов, созданных независимыми разработчиками.

Наиболее авторитетное издание Американского Общества Камелий опубликовало статью про то, как я селекционирую камелии. В статье я также рассказал про свое детство в СССР:

"... I became curious about camellias during my childhood in the USSR. When I was a 10-year old, I read a Russian book “Travels with Houseplants” by Nikolai Verzilin (in translation to Ukrainian). I was impressed by his story of tea and camellias and I went to buy a camellia at a plant store in downtown Kiev. There I mistook an azalea for a camellia, since the picture in Verzilin’s book was an engraving without scale.

20 years later, in the year 2000, I finally bought my first camellia. At that time I was renting an apartment in Fremont, California and was concerned that my patio was too shady so that fewer plants can be happy there. I mentioned the problem to a colleague at work, my company’s CFO, and she recommended that I buy a shade-tolerant camellia, which can tolerate shade. I recalled my childhood dream, went to a store, and got a pink japonica named ‘Wilamina’. Then I visited famous Nuccio’s Nurseries in Altadena, California, and met Tom Nuccio. That’s how I got hooked.

Shortly afterwards, I bought a house in Sunnyvale, on a typical 6000 square feet lot, and started the process of converting my backyard into an experimental camellia nursery.

In two years I switched from japonica to sasanqua. The first reason was sasanqua’s sun tolerance. My garden is sunny and hot, and I did not want to build an elaborate shading structure to accommodate japonicas. The second reason was less obvious: I realized that there are more opportunities to find unoccupied niches for new sasanqua cultivars than for the more cultivar-rich japonica. There are tons of formal-shaped, anemone-shaped, true red and striped japonicas, but very few such sasanquas. In addition, sasanquas are better suited as patio plants because they are generally smaller and more dense than japonicas. Finally, sasanquas bloom during the fall and therefore do not suffer from the petal blight disease that marks japonica flowers with brown spots during late winter in California."

Дальше / Full text - http://camellia-sasanqua.com/2017/11/04/backyard-hybridizer/

Отзыв 1: "Очередной опус из серии "Как облапошить компилятор" -- классика стиля программистов на С. Собственно, ничего другого по C и программистами на C и не написано. Это не алгоритмические трюки -- это трюки с плохим языком программирования. На практике малополезно и методически вредно".

Отзыв 2: "Ничего не могу сказать против этой книги, но она явно предназначена для узкого круга специалистов. Например, для тех, кто хочет ускорить на десять процессорных тактов операцию деления за счет снижения переносимости и полной нечитабельности кода.
В наш век большинство программистов пишут на таких языках как C# или JavaScript, поэтому виртуальная машина или интерпретатор съест всю выгоду описанных хакерских трюков, а поддерживать код становится трудно".